A Series is a denatured PVOH that has "carboxyl groups" as a denatured group other than the hydroxyl and acetate groups. Because it has an ionizable group, it exhibits properties that differ from general PVOH. Many applications can be found for the reactivity from the carboxyl group. AP-17 AT-17 AF-17 Volatile Components (%) 7.0 or less Degree of Hydrolysis (mol%) 88–90 92–95 96.5 or more Sodium Acetate (%) 3.0 or less 4% Viscosity (mPa•s) 28±3 30±3 30±3 •High solubility •Little foaming in aqueous solutions •Good aqueous solution viscosity stability •High adhesion with polyester and metals •Forms a complex with specific metallic salts (aluminum sulfate, etc.). The dissolving method and other uses are almost the same as those of general PVOH.